Уровень 0 · материалов: 7
В кластер входят документы, касающиеся государственных механизмов блокировки ресурсов и законодательного регулирования работы хостинг-провайдеров в России, но не входят частные случаи блокировки IP-адресов отдельными администраторами или жалобы на качество услуг провайдеров.
Общие признаки: блокировка IP-адресов и подсетей, регулятор Роскомнадзор, хостинг-провайдеры и CDN, государственная цензура в интернете, соблюдение российского законодательства
Группа выше: Роскомнадзор и практика блокировок
Смысл: The main idea is that the Russian regulator (Roskomnadzor) is pressuring website owners to move from international services like CloudFlare to Russian hosting providers to ensure compliance with local laws and avoid potential wide-scale blocking.
Roskomnadzor warns website owners that using CloudFlare may lead to their sites being blocked and recommends switching to domestic Russian hosting providers.
Смысл: The main idea is that Russian internet service providers should not comply with Spamhaus's demands to block IPs or domains, as doing so violates Russian law and the providers' contracts with their users, and they can instead seek protection from Roskomnadzor.
Roskomnadzor has confirmed that complying with Spamhaus's blocking requests is illegal for Russian operators, providing a legal basis for providers to ignore these demands and challenge upstream providers.
Смысл: The text explains the legal mechanism by which the Russian government penalizes intermediaries (hosters and search engines) who facilitate access to blocked websites via anonymizers, effectively forcing infrastructure providers to cooperate with state censorship.
Russia has introduced administrative fines for hosting providers and search engines that fail to report owners of VPNs/anonymizers or provide links to banned websites.
Смысл: The text warns that starting August 1, 2014, Russia's regulator (Roskomnadzor) will begin blocking entire IP subnets of foreign hosting providers who refuse to comply with data storage and FSB access laws, leading to broad-scale internet censorship.
Russia is implementing a technical change to its blocking registry to allow the banning of entire IP subnets for hosting providers that defy state surveillance and data laws.
Смысл: The main idea is to explain the impact of new Russian laws requiring hosting providers to register with the government and strictly identify their users. It explores the consequences for both domestic and foreign providers, emphasizing the shift toward a controlled, transparent hosting ecosystem within Russia.
New Russian laws mandate that hosting providers register with the state and identify all users, leading foreign providers to exit the market and local ones to implement stricter verification.
Смысл: The main idea is that the Russian government's method of blocking websites via IP addresses creates unstable internet access for many legitimate services because modern CDNs dynamically rotate IPs, some of which remain blacklisted.
Intermittent website failures in Russia are caused by CDN geo-balancing returning IP addresses that are still on Roskomnadzor's blocklist.
Смысл: The main idea is to create a high-quality, condensed list of blocked resources in Russia by filtering out 'noise' from the official RKN registry and supplementing it with independent data, thereby reducing VPN routing errors and improving router performance.
The author created a filtered, optimized version of the Russian blocked sites list to prevent accidental VPN routing of legitimate sites and reduce hardware overhead.